Висвітлення сучасних питань соціально-економічного розвитку національної та регіональної економіки
Національний університет "Полтавська політехніка імені Юрія Кондратюка"
Analysis of high-tech exports on the example of Lithuania: influence of the cyclic component
The article proposes the author's methodology for analyzing the structure of the dynamics of the export of high-tech products as a tool for state regulation in the field of innovation and scientific and technical development. The methodology reveals the economic meaning and allows to distinguish the following components in the structure of the dynamics of the export of high-tech products: uniform growth; accelerated growth; cyclical growth. And it also allows us to consider how the share of the impact of the cyclical component changes, if high-tech exports are considered as a share of all industrial exports and as a share of GDP, and also compared with the structure of the country's GDP dynamics as a whole. The work examines the structure of the dynamics of high-tech exports on the example of Lithuania, which is a relatively late member of the European Union and a country that underwent economic transformations after the collapse of the Soviet Union. The analysis of high-tech exports in the country was carried out and the dynamics of high-tech exports and the structure of export growth were interpreted in order to assess the prospects for overall economic growth in the country. High-tech exports in Lithuania have certain constant growth rates, the influence of which on the dynamics increases linearly. It can be noted that in the dynamics of high-tech exports there is a strong influence of cyclical components. These cycles have oscillation periods of 5,8 years, which indicates the influence of short-term processes. Cycles can reflect, on the one hand, the life cycle of the creation, introduction and entry into the world market of new types of high-tech goods and, on the other hand, the market situation, the demand for these products from national manufacturers. The authors analyzed cycles in the dynamics of high-tech exports in Lithuania with a period of 5,8 years and calculated the level of influence of the cyclical component on the general trend. The article is an integral part of the study, which also analyzes other countries with a high global level of high-tech exports according to the author's proposed methodology.
Mathematical methods, models and information technologies in economics
Methodological bases of forecasting and planning in the field of development of strategic decisions in audit, analysis and taxation
The article systematizes the components of methodological support for forecasting and planning in the field of developing strategic decisions in audit, analysis and taxation: basic concepts, as well as types, stages, levels, objects, principles, methods of planning and forecasting, models, planning and forecasting indicators. Types of forecasts, scenarios of the development of events in forecasting, approaches of scientists to distinguishing stages of forecasting, methods of forecasting and planning, principles on which planning and forecasting calculations are based, peculiarities of the organization of analytical work and planning decisions regarding the organization of audits at the level of business entities are considered , the specifics of developing a strategy for the development of audit activity entities, the specifics of forming strategic decisions in the field of taxation. When developing solutions in the field of taxation, it is suggested to use special methods of tax planning simultaneously with general methods of programming and planning (methods of direct reduction of the object of taxation, replacement and distribution of relations, delegation of taxes to a satellite enterprise, use of accounting policies, and others). The operational components of planning and forecasting of strategic decisions are studied: technical-technological, financial, social, personnel and management. Attention is focused on the fact that planning and forecasting calculations in the field of development of strategic decisions in audit, analysis and taxation should be based on the principles of complexity, systematicity, continuity, scientific validity, practical orientation, variability, coherence, as well as on the expediency of taking into account relationships between economic indicators reflected in accounting and reporting forms. It has been proven that the implementation of the methodological toolkit in the practical plane will ensure the assessment of the state of the accounting and analytical system, as well as the identification of characteristic trends, problematic aspects, influencing factors, the formation of strategic goals, the development of plans and forecast options for solutions, their substantiation, the selection of the optimal strategic solution and the development of tactical measures for the further implementation of such a decision.
Analysis of the regulatory framework of foreign countries in terms of the functioning of securities markets as an integral part of ensuring its security
This article conducts an in-depth analysis of the regulatory frameworks governing securities markets in foreign countries, emphasizing their role in ensuring market security and functionality. By examining the legislative frameworks of countries such as the United States and various European Union member states, the article aims to identify best practices that can be applied to enhance the regulatory environment of domestic securities markets. The study begins by exploring key regulations in the United States, such as the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010, and the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012. These laws introduce stricter compliance measures, define rules for financial document storage, enhance transparency, and promote accessibility for small businesses. Shifting focus to the European Union, the article examines the extensive regulatory landscape comprising directives and regulations such as the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive II, European market infrastructure regulation, and Prospectus Regulation. These regulations address transparency, accountability, investor protection, and standardization in areas ranging from trading practices to securitization and benchmarks. The article also highlights the significance of international organizations in shaping regulatory standards for securities markets, including the Group of 30, the International Organization of Securities Commissions, and the Association of European Central Securities Depositories. Their efforts in developing common standards and recommendations play a vital role in improving interaction among market participants, reducing risks, and enhancing the management of depository systems. Drawing from these analyses, the article presents valuable insights into the Ukrainian securities market. Recommendations are proposed to align domestic legislation with international standards, focusing on areas such as free float requirements, cooperation and information exchange, criminal liability, investor protection, diversification of investments, and the incorporation of state and self-regulatory approaches. By adopting and implementing foreign experience, the article asserts that a balanced and competitive securities market can be achieved. It underscores the importance of establishing a proper legal framework, ensuring compliance by issuers, investors, and regulatory bodies, and fostering collaboration among relevant stakeholders. In conclusion, this comprehensive analysis of foreign regulatory frameworks provides a roadmap for enhancing the regulatory environment of domestic securities markets. By embracing international best practices, policymakers and market participants can strengthen market security, improve functionality, and promote investor confidence, ultimately contributing to the long-term growth and stability of the securities market.
WORLD ECONOMY AND INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS
Assessment of the efficiency of application of accounting outsourcing by the business entity
The economic crisis, provoked by the COVID-19 pandemic and the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation into Ukraine, made it necessary for companies to find new forms of business management, increase competitiveness, reduce personnel, and optimize costs. Accounting outsourcing, as one of these forms, allows companies to improve the quality of accounting and analytical support and to successfully solve strategic tasks. Outsourcing is used in many technological and logistical processes, marketing, tax consulting, accounting and reporting. The application of accounting outsourcing in Ukraine, although it is rapidly developing, does not correspond to the level of developed countries of the world. Today, accounting outsourcing in Ukraine ranks sixth in the total volume of outsourcing services. The purpose of the work is to study the theoretical and practical principles of evaluating the effectiveness of accounting outsourcing at the enterprise. The criteria for determining the expediency of outsourcing and methodical approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of its application are summarized. In order to determine the peculiarities of the methods of assessing the feasibility of outsourcing, their advantages, disadvantages and the selection of the most optimal of them, calculations were carried out based on the materials of the business entity - the limited liability company of the agricultural firm "ChBG". Calculation of the economic efficiency of accounting outsourcing according to the data of four outsourcing companies showed that all the considered methods are based on the application of only value indicators. When choosing an outsourcer, you should also take into account quality indicators. Each of the methods of evaluating the effectiveness of the use of autosourcing has both advantages and disadvantages, there is no perfect method, which hinders its development in Ukraine.
The impact of COVID on capital investment in the chemical industry
The concept of capital investment has been compared, as there are certain differences in the interpretation of this economic term between international financial reporting standards and domestic standards. Changes in capital investments caused by the COVID pandemic are considered. It is noted that the current trends in capital investment of chemical enterprises have undergone changes, namely reorientation to the needs of the market: the production of the sector of personal protective equipment and raw materials for them has increased, there has been a partial reorientation of work processes due to the introduction of new business models caused by the violation of logistical obligations; introduction of digital commerce through the active use of various Internet platforms. It was noted that the main directions of capital investments of chemical enterprises in sustainable development (investments in environmental, social and management projects) have gained additional importance and relevance. It is indicated that, first of all, chemical enterprises are ready to attract capital investments in order to increase the competitiveness of their products. It was concluded that chemical enterprises need to reconsider their intentions in investing capital, taking into account the risks of globalization and focusing on opportunities for the localization of chemical production within one region or country, because this will open up new opportunities for chemical enterprises to develop at the expense of expanding their national interests. The directions of capital investments proposed in the article allow timely diagnosis of economic risks caused by the pandemic and reduce critical consequences within the national chemical industry.
ECONOMICS AND NATIONAL ECONOMY MANAGEMENT
Formation of Ukraine’s tourist image under global transformations in the country studies context
The article examines the conceptual foundations of forming Ukraine’s tourism image under the conditions of global transformations caused by globalization, digitalization, ecological challenges, geopolitical instability, and migration dynamics. The study substantiates the theoretical and methodological principles for constructing a positive tourism image of the state based on the integration of public diplomacy, regional identity, and the sociocultural potential of the nation. The research highlights the importance of a systemic and multi-level approach to image formation that combines institutional state policy, regional branding initiatives, and civil society participation. The author emphasizes the strategic role of communication tools and public diplomacy in shaping the perception of Ukraine in the global tourism market. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of national branding projects such as Ukraine Now and Brand Ukraine, as well as regional initiatives including Authentic Carpathians and Discover Dnipro, which strengthen territorial identity and cultural attractiveness. The study explores how global media narratives and international partnerships affect the country’s reputation and its positioning as a safe, authentic, and culturally diverse tourist destination. A structural model of tourism image formation is proposed, which reflects the interconnection between global factors, state institutional policies, regional identity, and sociocultural foundations. It is argued that a coherent image policy, supported by digital communication, cultural diplomacy, and tourism marketing, enhances the international recognition of Ukraine, contributes to its sustainable development, and fosters cross-cultural understanding. The findings demonstrate that a positive tourism image of Ukraine not only promotes economic benefits through tourism flows but also strengthens the state’s reputation capital, global competitiveness, and soft power potential. The results are of practical importance for governmental and municipal authorities, tourism and hospitality organizations, image-making professionals, and academic institutions involved in international relations, tourism studies, and cultural policy research.
Copyright (c) 2026 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Modern factors of investment attractiveness of the tourism industry of Ukraine
The purpose of the article is to analyze the current factors of investment attractiveness and identify the main trends in the development of the tourism industry in Ukraine. Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022 threatened not only tourism in Ukraine, but also the international tourism sector, which was just beginning to recover from the losses caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. The tourism sector, which began to recover confidently in January 2022, significantly narrowed the opportunities for full-scale growth in March 2022. Both inbound and outbound tourism in Ukraine are under threat. The tourism industry is considered as a component of the domestic economy, the main factors of investment attractiveness, development trends, the level of investment attractiveness and prospects for further development in Ukraine are identified. Ways to solve problems are proposed in order to transform the tourism sector into a highly profitable sector of the domestic economy. Sources of financing for the further development of the country's tourism industry are identified. The current state of investment activity in the tourism sector has been analyzed by studying the volumes of capital investments made in it. The development of the tourism business in Ukraine during martial law has been studied, which even ensured an increase in tax revenues to the country's budget. It has been determined that the tourism business of Ukraine requires constant investments to maintain competitive positions in the market, increase the level of satisfaction of consumer demand for services that meet world standards in terms of assortment and quality. Analysis of statistical data shows a steady trend towards a reduction in infrastructure tourism resources, and therefore the volume of services in this sector of the economy. Such a general and regional trend gives grounds to speak about the need to implement organizational and economic measures to activate activities. The potential investment opportunities of tourism business enterprises have been studied. A set of measures for state regulation and improvement of industry management in order to activate the development of the tourism business is also proposed. The state influences the activation of investment activity by developing the appropriate institutional base, without which the functioning of the investment sphere is impossible, namely: the organization of investment-oriented funds, the creation of a network of consulting firms, state scientific organizations, conducting scientific research, the creation of training centers for small and medium-sized businesses. The investment attractiveness of the tourism industry is formed under the influence of factors that are classified according to internal and external characteristics. Internal factors that are determined within the country or region, depend on the national policy and resources of the country and regions include: the macroeconomic situation in the country, the state of tourism infrastructure, the quality of labor resources in the tourism industry, the availability of tourism resources, the regulatory and legal framework of the country, social support for tourism, state policy and in the field of tourism. External factors that are determined by the external environment and are not fully controlled by the subjects of the national economy include: the global economic situation, regional geopolitical stability, the formation of demand in the international tourism market, the image of the country, the availability and conditions of external financing, global technological development, compliance with international environmental requirements. It was determined that in modern operating conditions it is necessary to form and implement an investment policy for the development of the tourism industry, which would include such important components as: mechanisms of state regulation of this industry; resource provision and preferential financing of development; organizational and functional support of management processes; digitalization, information and methodological support of the industry, development of military tourism.
Sustainable development and tour operator activity: synergy of recreation tourism and local experience routes
The article is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the implementation of the principles of sustainable development in tour operator activities with an emphasis on the combination of recreational tourism and local history routes. The work substantiates that the modern tourism industry is at the stage of transformation, where environmental responsibility, social awareness and economic balance become key conditions for the competitiveness of tourism enterprises. Special attention is paid to the role of tour operators as the main shapers of the tourist product, able to influence the consumption patterns of tourist services and contribute to the preservation of the recreational and cultural potential of the regions. The article examines the theoretical foundations of sustainable development and practical mechanisms of their integration into tourism activities. It is shown that recreational tourism in combination with local history routes forms a unique tourist product that contributes to the restoration of the physical and emotional state of tourists, while ensuring the preservation of natural landscapes, objects of cultural heritage and historical memory of the territories. The article emphasizes that the synergy of recreational tourism and local history routes is a promising direction for the formation of responsible tourism that meets modern global challenges and contributes to the harmonious development of territories.
Productive forces development and regional economy
Cultural and tourist routes of small towns of Ukraine: between preservation of historical heritage and modern challenges of sustainable development
The article is devoted to considering the possibilities of developing cultural tourism in small towns of Ukraine, based on their historical, cultural and architectural heritage, taking into account the existing infrastructure and management challenges. Special attention is paid to the theoretical understanding of the concept of "small town" in a historical and retrospective format and the legislative framework of Ukraine. The analysis is based on the practical experience of a number of cities, such as Ostroh, Polonne, Brody, Kremenets, Baturyn, Volodymyr and Zhovkva. Special emphasis is placed on Ostroh as a city that became the base for the implementation of the project "Development of a methodology for marking historical attractions in small towns of Ukraine. Cultural intervention in the past for the sake of a journey into the future”. The example of the city of Zhovkva in Lviv region is also separately considered, which is a vivid example of a historical “ideal city”, and also has a powerful historical and cultural background in combination with modern managerial visions of tourism development. In addition, the geographical location of Zhovkva, proximity to the regional center, on the one hand, and to the border with other countries, on the other, are additional attractive factors for the development of cultural tourism. The example of Zhovkva demonstrates that effective tourism development is possible due to the integration of historical potential, creative participation of the local community and attraction of external investments and support from local authorities. The importance of local level initiatives, cooperation between sectors and the use of project management principles for the creation of long-term tourism products is emphasized. The research emphasis is placed on the creation of tourist routes based on local cultural identity, as well as the implementation of digital technologies, including QR codes and mobile applications, to improve access to attractions in small towns. The work also emphasizes the role of popularizing significant local personalities in forming a recognizable tourist brand of each city (legendary images, historical figures, landmark events in the history of the city). The results of the study will be useful for specialists in the field of tourism and cultural heritage preservation, as well as for representatives of local authorities who seek to use tourism as a tool for sustainable development and strengthening social cohesion of the community.
Current state and development of Ukraine’s foreign trade with the European Union
This article examines the current state, development trends, and structural characteristics of Ukraine’s foreign trade with the European Union, highlighting both existing challenges and emerging opportunities. It provides a comprehensive analysis of the main factors shaping trade flows, including the ongoing process of economic integration, the significant impacts of military conflicts and logistical constraints, regulatory and policy changes, as well as the progressive adoption of European quality and technical standards. Special attention is given to the dynamics of exports and imports of goods and services, the evolving composition of trade flows, shifts in sectoral structures, and the role of key trading partners in supporting Ukraine’s economic resilience and stability. The study also explores how these factors influence Ukraine’s ability to diversify exports, improve competitiveness, and respond to external shocks in the global market. The research identifies strategic directions for enhancing trade development, such as increasing the share of high value-added products, fostering the integration of Ukrainian enterprises into European production chains, and strengthening institutional, regulatory, and governance frameworks to improve trade efficiency and market access. Moreover, the article emphasizes the critical importance of modernizing transport and logistics infrastructure, adopting best practices in trade facilitation, and implementing policy measures that support sustainable economic growth. It underlines that effective cooperation with EU partners and compliance with European standards can serve as key drivers for long-term economic stability and competitiveness. The findings offer valuable insights for business leaders, and academic researchers interested in foreign trade strategies, international economic cooperation, and the adaptation of national trade policies to global and regional challenges. By highlighting the dynamics of trade, the benefits of adopting modern standards, and concrete practical measures for deeper European integration, this study provides a solid foundation for strategic decision-making aimed at promoting Ukraine’s sustainable growth, resilience in international markets, and enhanced global competitiveness
Communication strategies for managing material flows in construction: the relationship between marketing, logistics and consumer trust
The article summarizes the theoretical and methodological principles of forming communication strategies for managing material flows in construction. The reasons for ineffective communication are considered (lack of standardized procedures and training, insufficient representation of project stakeholders). It is shown that ensuring transparency of material flows and accelerating response time to needs is critical for modern logistics models. The features of material flows in construction are considered (territorial distribution of sites; instability of the external environment; high labor intensity of logistics operations; significant restrictions on storage and access to materials; need for integration with calendar and network schedules of work). An algorithm for developing and implementing a communication strategy for managing material flows in construction is proposed, covering key stages from planning to control, adjustment and use of modern digital technologies. The stages of implementing a communication strategy in the process of managing material flows at construction enterprises are highlighted. It is substantiated that compliance with this algorithm provides integrated management of information and material flows, which significantly increases the efficiency of construction projects. A package of measures is proposed to assess the impact of rational communications on logistics risks and consumer purchasing behavior: identification and classification of logistics risks; analysis of the existing communication strategy; determination of target segments of consumers and their information needs; collection of data on purchasing behavior and reaction to communications; modeling and assessment of the impact; development of recommendations and adjustment of the communication strategy. It is substantiated that the approach to managing material flows at construction enterprises should be based on digitalization, standardization and integration of logistics with effective communications. The proposed recommendations are aimed at optimizing business processes, reducing costs, increasing competitiveness, and ensuring sustainable development of construction enterprises.
Marketing research of the problem of distance learning for students of the specialty "marketing"
The article examines the features and problems of using distance learning in teaching marketing cycle disciplines. Informatization of the educational process is one of the important directions in the education reform of Ukraine. However, solving this problem creates challenges for interaction between participants in the distance process. The success of using information technologies in the educational process largely depends on how effectively modern psychological and pedagogical technologies are implemented, which are able to satisfy the educational needs of the individual. To highlight the problems of distance learning and find ways to overcome them, a marketing study was conducted. A questionnaire was developed for the study, which includes 6 questions. The sample size of respondents is 84 students of the "Marketing" specialty, including: 25 first-year students, 30 second-year students, 14 third-year students, and 15 fourth-year students.
The role of ERP systems in enhancing the productive potential of enterprises in the sectoral economy
This work focuses on detailed examination of how integrated corporate resource planning platforms influence productivity growth across companies from various sectors amid digitalization processes. Functional capabilities of contemporary technological solutions have been identified within context of unifying core business processes and rational utilization of corporate capabilities. Five key directions of influence on human, material, financial, organizational and informational assets have been distinguished. Significance of such platforms as catalysts for digitalization processes and instruments for achieving operational excellence has been substantiated. Organizational and methodological aspects of implementation have been analyzed, considering key success conditions, management of organizational transformations and need for adaptation to specific sector characteristics. It has been proven that effectiveness of technological solutions is determined by comprehensive approach to unifying technical, organizational and managerial components while accounting for peculiarities of individual economic branches. Paper examines how integrated platforms transform resource management through process automation, real-time data synchronization and advanced analytical instruments. Special emphasis is placed on sectoral adaptation mechanisms, demonstrating how manufacturing, agricultural and service sectors require distinct platform configuration approaches. Based on systematic analysis of recent international research, study proves that platform effectiveness is determined by comprehensive approach to integrating technological, organizational and managerial components considering specific features of particular economic sector. Practical cases from leading companies demonstrate measurable improvements in operational performance including twenty to fifty percent time savings, fifteen percent inventory reduction and enhanced customer satisfaction levels. Research contributes to understanding integrated planning platforms not merely as software solutions but as strategic instruments for comprehensive business transformation enabling enterprises to achieve sustainable competitive advantages through enhanced productivity, improved decision-making capabilities and optimized resource allocation. Findings emphasize importance of systematic approach to platform implementation combining technical infrastructure, organizational readiness, continuous improvement practices and strong leadership support. Future development directions include integration with machine learning technologies, distributed device networks and distributed ledger technology opening new opportunities for manufacturing productivity enhancement and supply chain optimization.
РОЛЬ ERP-СИСТЕМ У ПІДВИЩЕННІ ПРОДУКТИВНОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ ГАЛУЗЕВОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ
Life cycle analysis and assessment in the waste management system of an enterprise: methodology and application (using the example of brewery products)
The article examines the application of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and the integrated Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA) framework as advanced analytical tools for improving waste management systems at the enterprise level. LCA provides a scientifically grounded method for quantifying environmental impacts across all stages of a product’s life cycle—from raw material extraction and manufacturing to use and end-of-life processes—allowing organizations to avoid local optimization and make decisions based on system-wide effects. The study outlines the methodological foundations of ISO 14040/14044, the hierarchical structure of impact categories, and the link between LCA and the EU Environmental Footprint approach, which enhances comparability and transparency of sustainability metrics. Further, the integration of LCA with Life Cycle Costing (LCC) and Social Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA) within the LCSA concept enables a holistic evaluation of environmental, economic, and social impacts under a unified system boundary and functional unit. To demonstrate practical applicability, a simplified LCA of a brewery product is performed. Results indicate that packaging contributes the largest share to the product’s carbon footprint, followed by raw materials and energy consumption, aligning with industry benchmarks. The LCC assessment reveals that the primary cost drivers are product price and energy inputs, emphasizing the importance of material and energy efficiency improvements. Based on identified hotspots, the paper proposes targeted strategies including packaging optimization, supplier engagement for low-carbon raw materials, and further enhancement of energy efficiency measures. Overall, the findings underscore the value of LCA/LCSA as evidence-based decision-support instruments that strengthen sustainability performance and guide innovation in corporate waste management systems. Thus, the implementation of an integrated LCA approach makes it possible to combine environmental, economic, and social indicators within strategic management and to develop relevant metrics for ESG reporting, which in turn strengthens the enterprise’s resilience and competitive position in the context of the transition to a circular economy.
Conceptual system of models of innovative development of enterprises
Innovative development of enterprises involves the purposeful creation, implementation and diffusion of new technologies, management solutions, business models and organizational forms that provide the enterprise with the ability to adapt, increase competitiveness and form long-term strategic advantages. It covers complex transformations of production, logistics, financial, marketing and management processes, based on the active use of knowledge, digital technologies, intellectual capital and innovative practices. The essence of innovative development is the transition of the enterprise to a higher level of organizational dynamics, when changes become continuous, controlled and strategically oriented. The work systematizes and generalizes scientific approaches to modeling innovative management of enterprise development. A comprehensive system of models has been formed, covering various trajectories of organizational development: evolutionary, revolutionary, structural-situational, innovative, selection, phenomenological, conflict, entrepreneurial, Carnegie model, mass service model, as well as modern models - "open innovation", "triple helix", Kaizen, Lean, Agile, digital transformation, diffusion of innovations, innovation life cycle (S-curve), BSC, innovation ecosystem, "blue ocean", venture investment and innovation maturity model. It is shown that the innovative development of enterprises is a multidimensional process that covers structural, behavioral, socio-economic and technological aspects of transformation, and the models serve as tools for assessing the driving forces of change, choosing strategies and managing innovation processes. The proposed systematization of models allows determining the level of innovation maturity of an enterprise, forming effective development strategies and increasing the effectiveness of management decisions. The results of the study can be used to form innovative development strategies, improve corporate governance systems, prepare digital transformation programs, implement innovative management methods and increase the competitiveness of enterprises in a dynamic market environment.
Assessment of the effectiveness of the innovative potential of industrial enterprises
In modern conditions, the successful operation and sustainable development of an industrial enterprise requires comprehensive improvement of key performance indicators, the formation and application of innovative management methods, the organization of innovative production processes and technologies, and the intensification of the use of the accumulated innovative potential and methods of its development for the production of high-quality and high-tech products in demand in the national and world markets. Modeling of production processes and resources is currently one of the main tools of enterprise management in organizing the management of complex production and economic systems. To implement innovative activities, industrial enterprises need the innovative potential formed and accumulated, as well as the conditions for its successful implementation. Innovative potential is a parameter that allows assessing the capabilities and skills of the enterprise management to implement real innovative activities and form a strategy for the innovative development of an industrial enterprise. Currently, the issue of economic assessment of the level of innovative potential and its resources in industrial enterprises as a whole is very relevant. According to the authors, when determining the level of the accumulated innovative potential of an enterprise, it is necessary to use diagnostics as a method of analyzing the existing incomplete characteristics and indicators of the activity of the subjects of the economic-production system. Taking all this into account, the article presents the sequence of stages of formation, development and implementation of innovative potential in the implementation of an innovation project, analyzes the level of the accumulated innovative potential of the enterprise by diagnostic types, and proposes a diagnostic method for the level of the accumulated innovative potential of the enterprise based on the adequacy of the main components of the innovative potential, the ability of the enterprise to carry out innovative activities in the present and future, and the parameters of its capabilities, and expert assessment.
Meaning of transnational natural parks for the development of territorial communities
The article presents the results of the study on status, peculiarities, and further perspectives for the development of transnational nature parks. The impact of natural reserves on the economy and well-being of close local communities is assessed. The study relies on a comparative analysis of natural areas of the Eastern Carpathian Biosphere Reserve, which is located on the border of Poland, the Slovak Republic, and Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the social and economic role of transnational nature reserves for the development of the tourism industry and frontier communities. The number of relevant indicators has been chosen for the comparative analysis of the impact of transnational nature reserves on tourism, the local economy, and the environment. Area of ​​nature reserves, participating states, UNESCO nature reserve status time, impact on a local economy (like revenues to a community’s budget due to activities carried out in a nature reserve site), the number and origin of visitors, the main purpose of a site's reservation in accordance with a statute and regional plans and strategies of local development, and the cost/benefit ratio are the appropriate variables for the comparative study. Indicators on the environment, number of tourists, incomes, and employment of inhabitants are parameters to assess the economic capacity of nature reserves, either current or future. It is concluded that the low incomes from tourism and recreation carried out in the national natural parks of the East Carpathian Biosphere Reserve define why the impact of these nature sites on the well-being of local communities is limited. This evidences that the great natural value of a site and its UNESCO international nature conservation status are not enough to provide substantial economic benefits for communities. It contradicts earlier findings that usually border communities have much greater capacity for development compared to remote ones. It also denies the idea that the location of a natural park or reserve within the territory of a community is a significant economic and social advantage, since income from tourism and recreation means revenues to local budgets.
ЕКОНОМІКА ПРИРОДОКОРИСТУВАННЯ Й ОХОРОНА НАВКОЛИШНЬОГО СЕРЕДОВИЩА
Political science in poland: key directions of development, specificity and impact on public administration
The article is devoted to the analysis of the development of political science in the Republic of Poland as an important social science that combines theoretical knowledge of politics with practical influence on the system of public administration. It is shown that the formation of Polish political science took place from interdisciplinary scientific research within the framework of philosophy, history and law to the formation of a separate academic field, which today has a clear institutional structure. The main approaches of Polish researchers to the definition of the concept of «political science» and its relationship with the concepts of «science of politics» and «political science» are highlighted. The educational programs of the leading Polish universities, which ensure the training of specialists according to the standards of the Bologna Process, as well as the implementation of modern methods of policy research, have been analyzed. It has been proven that Polish political science has not only academic, but also applied significance, as it contributes to the modernization of public administration, the professionalization of public administration, the development of political culture and civic participation. Therefore, Polish scientists interpret political science as: a social science that analyzes power, the state, institutions, and the behavior of citizens; a discipline that combines theory (ideas) and empiricism (policy functioning mechanisms); part of the broader field of social or political science, closely related to sociology, law, history, and economics. The diversity and multifacetedness of politics implies the need to distinguish between relevant branches and specializations. Within the framework of political science, the following main fields are distinguished: political theory and the history of political doctrines, political systems, political institutions and international relations. The potential of Polish experience for Ukraine was emphasized, in particular in the field of public authority reform and training of political and administrative personnel. The trend of transition from normative-descriptive to analytical and comparative approaches, integration of political science with economic, sociological and legal sciences has been revealed. It was concluded that modern Polish political science demonstrates a high level of methodological maturity, European integration and practical significance in the system of management decisions, which opens up prospects for the development of comparative studies in the Central-Eastern Europe region.
DEMOGRAPHY, LABOR ECONOMICS, SOCIAL ECONOMICS AND POLICIES
Financial market of Ukraine: current challenges and innovations
The article examines the threats and challenges of the financial market of Ukraine and their overcoming by introducing innovations to ensure sustainable economic development. The emphasis is on the banking sector, which is the largest and most developed segment of the financial market of Ukraine. The changes that have occurred in the banking system in order to enable the accumulation and redistribution of financial resources, maintain the stability of the national currency, and increase the liquidity of banks are studied. The results of the transformation of the banking system of Ukraine in conditions of uncertainty are demonstrated using the example of JSC "Sens-Bank". The implementation of an updated corporate governance model in connection with the transition of the financial intermediary to the group of state-owned banks in 2023 is justified, which allowed ensuring the stability of the institution's activities in conditions of Russian aggression, laying the foundation for its further development within the state-owned banking sector of Ukraine, identifying new approaches to the bank management system, paying attention to reputational risks and the efficiency of asset use. The need for financial intermediaries to introduce innovative technologies into their activities is proven. It is noted that the innovative model of providing financial services by a bank should be based on an analysis of the current state and proposals for innovative banking products for the future. It is substantiated that the update of the Financial Market Development Strategy is the basis for the transformation of the financial sector for the development and post-war recovery of the country's economy. The strategic goal of state-owned banks during the war and after its end is focused on the gradual reduction of the state's share in the capital of banks, the introduction of specialized state NFIs. The importance of building an effective Fintech ecosystem to increase the attractiveness of the financial market is substantiated. The measures proposed in the article will contribute to the sustainability of financial intermediaries in the domestic market and open up new opportunities for their integration into the EU market space.
The stock market of Ukraine in the context of current economic transformations
The article examines current trends in the development of the Ukrainian stock market amid economic instability and institutional transformations. It emphasises that the stock market, as a key mechanism for accumulating and redistributing investment resources, plays a significant role in ensuring economic growth, stimulating investment activity and developing financial infrastructure. However, the instability of the macroeconomic environment, exacerbated by military actions and external shocks, leads to structural market distortions, weakening investment signals and imbalances between the corporate and public segments. The aim of the study is to identify current trends in the functioning of the Ukrainian stock market, determine the determinants of its transformations, and justify directions for improving the effectiveness of its development in conditions of economic turbulence. The methodological basis of the article was the use of statistical and comparative analysis tools, which made it possible to analyse market dynamics and assess key quantitative indicators of the activity of organised capital markets in 2018–2024. The results of the study show uneven dynamics in stock market trading volumes, which are sensitive to macroeconomic and political factors. The peak in activity in 2021 was driven by growing confidence in the government debt market, while the sharp decline in 2022 was caused by full-scale military aggression and a crisis of investment expectations. Despite a certain recovery in 2023–2024, the market remains structurally vulnerable, as evidenced by the dominance of the government securities segment and the limited liquidity of corporate instruments. An additional indicator of the transformation processes is the reduction in the number of professional traders from 242 to 156 participants during 2018–2024, which indicates market consolidation and the exit of less adaptive players. An analysis of the activities of organised trading platforms showed an excessive concentration of turnover on certain platforms, primarily the PFTS and the Perspektyva exchange, while a number of platforms have effectively ceased operations. The growth in the volume of exchange contracts in 2023–2024 confirms the market's potential for partial recovery, but it is mainly short-term in nature and is not accompanied by a qualitative shift in the structure of instruments. The scientific novelty of the results lies in a comprehensive assessment of the transformational changes in the Ukrainian stock market from the perspective of macroeconomic shocks, the structure of participants, and institutional mechanisms of organised trading. For the first time, the relationship between the dominance of government debt instruments, the consolidation of professional participants and the stagnation of the corporate segment in the context of a war economy has been systematised. The practical significance of the article lies in identifying priority areas for the development of the stock market: diversification of financial instruments, strengthening the corporate segment, reducing dependence on government debt securities, increasing the transparency of market operations, and developing institutional infrastructure. The implementation of the proposed approaches will contribute to the formation of a sustainable model of capital market functioning, increase its competitiveness and expand its role in ensuring national investment potential.
Artificial intelligence in auditing financial results: methodological aspects and practical implementation
The article addresses the development of methodological foundations for applying artificial intelligence in auditing financial statements. The necessity of implementing machine learning technologies and large language models to process growing volumes of textual disclosures in financial statement notes is substantiated. The research identifies systematic challenges of modern audit information environment, including exponential growth of textual disclosures, heterogeneity of data sources, complexity of multi-level judgments, new regulatory requirements for digital reporting, and time constraints of audit engagements. Traditional analytical procedures developed in the era of predominantly paper-based document flow reveal systematic limitations in their ability to provide appropriate level of audit assurance while maintaining economic feasibility. The LLM-AuditBridge methodology for semantic analysis of notes in accordance with international auditing standards is proposed. This methodology implements a multi-stage information processing workflow where each stage corresponds to specific audit procedures and generates specialized artifacts that comply with documentation requirements. The architecture includes three key blocks: risk identification analysis, analytical procedures for cross-validation of textual and numerical data, and generation of responses to identified risks. The methodology employs sophisticated prompt engineering principles, including role establishment, context provision, task specification, output format definition, few-shot learning examples, constraint setting, and chain-of-thought reasoning activation. Critical three-level validation system ensures compliance with requirements for sufficiency and appropriateness of audit evidence through cross-prompt validation, documentary validation, and logical consistency checking. Classical machine learning methods, particularly Benford's Law analysis and logistic regression modeling, are integrated to complement LLM capabilities in numerical data analysis. The architecture of a hybrid system combining LLM analysis of textual data with classical statistical methods for numerical indicators is developed. The integration module performs weighted aggregation of scores from three independent sources and convergence verification, where alignment of multiple independent signals dramatically increases confidence in actual issues. Practical recommendations for implementation of proposed approaches into audit practice are presented, including technical considerations for tokenization, API response times, cost analysis, and organizational aspects. The research demonstrates that AI integration in audit procedures is not only technically feasible but also methodologically justified according to international auditing standards, while preserving auditor's professional judgment and skepticism as fundamental principles.
Digitalisation of business ecosystems in the modern economic paradigm in the context of digital transformation of the economy
Digital business ecosystems are of particular importance from a practical point of view, as companies from various sectors of the economy seek to use external resources to meet the growing needs of customers. In today's business environment, the concept of digitalization of society and the economy is seen as the basis for introducing innovative changes. In this sense, digital transformation is aimed at diffusing digital technologies into all types of business and social life, which requires the creation of an appropriate regulatory environment. Digitalization is a major driver of global economic growth and a key factor in the development of the digital economy in Ukraine. An analysis of government initiatives to develop the digitalization of the national society and economy shows that this process is increasing in intensity in Ukraine. The digital transformation of business in Ukraine makes a significant contribution to sustainable economic growth, increasing the competitiveness of basic industries and innovative sectors of the economy. The use of digital technologies is becoming mandatory for many types of business in Ukraine operating in the modern competitive environment. In the context of Ukraine's European integration, there is a need to join European programmers of digitalization and digital transformation of business.
Management reporting: essence, structure, and preparation procedures
The article examines the essence, formation principles, and practical role of management reporting under dynamic markets and rising economic uncertainty. It emphasizes that a firm’s effectiveness directly depends on the quality of its management system and the speed of decision-making – both of which require a reliable internal information base. Management reporting is viewed as an organized subsystem of managerial information support, tailored to the business and oriented toward internal users. It provides timely, relevant, and granular data in the required dimensions. Unlike strictly regulated financial or tax reporting, management reporting is not fixed by rigid forms, which makes it a flexible tool for decisions rather than merely a channel for external disclosure. Its value rests on completeness, timeliness, methodological transparency, and comparability of metrics – achieved through aligned definitions, clear rules for allocating overhead costs, and stable reporting periods – while digitalization reinforces these advantages by automating data collection and visualization. The article reviews scholarly perspectives on management reporting, ranging from a narrow view of it as a purely internal instrument of managerial influence to a broader interpretation that integrates multiple reporting streams within a single information space. It highlights the dual nature of management reporting: it is both a source of factual information and a tool for organizational and methodological structuring of data. The paper identifies three key user groups – owners/top management, investors/creditors, and department heads. It substantiates a multi-level reporting package: operational (accumulative) reports for daily/weekly monitoring, current (consolidated) summaries for monthly budget-versus-actual and trend analysis, and final period-end materials (quarter/year) for assessing KPI attainment and overall efficiency. The proposed methodology covers needs identification, definition of principles and requirements, design of the KPI system, development of calculation and cost-allocation methods, assignment of accountability, and process automation. In sum, management reporting is presented as a working instrument of managerial controllability – combining unified rules, aligned indicators, user-appropriate presentation formats, and clear accountability – thereby strengthening business resilience in conditions of uncertainty.
Integration of business analytics into Ukraine’s accounting information systems
This article delves into the transformative potential of integrating business analytics into accounting information systems (AIS) within the Ukrainian context, highlighting its significance in driving operational efficiency and strategic decision-making. Business analytics, which encompasses the systematic analysis of data to uncover insights and improve business performance, has emerged as a critical tool for organizations aiming to stay competitive in a dynamic economic landscape. Accounting information systems, designed to manage financial data, play a pivotal role in ensuring accurate reporting and compliance. The fusion of these two domains offers a powerful framework for enhancing organizational agility and financial management. However, the integration process in Ukraine is fraught with challenges, including limited awareness of the benefits of business analytics, a scarcity of skilled professionals, financial barriers, and persistent issues with data quality. Despite these hurdles, Ukrainian enterprises are increasingly adopting advanced digital solutions such as ERP, CRM, and BI systems to streamline accounting processes, reduce operational costs, and improve decision-making accuracy. Projections indicate that the IT services market in Ukraine will grow significantly, reaching 2.5billionby2025and2.5billionby2025and4.60 billion by 2029, underscoring the rapid expansion of the technology sector. A central benefit of integrating business analytics into AIS is the ability to centralize and analyze data from diverse sources, enabling automation of repetitive tasks, minimizing errors, and enhancing the reliability of financial insights. Cutting-edge technologies like cloud computing, blockchain, big data, and IoT are instrumental in ensuring data security, enabling remote access, and optimizing financial workflows. A notable example is the Prozorro system, which revolutionized public procurement in Ukraine by leveraging open data analytics to enhance transparency and efficiency. To overcome the barriers to implementation, Ukrainian companies are encouraged to adopt tailored digital solutions, invest in workforce upskilling, and seek government support through grants and incentives. By 2025, it is anticipated that 30% of Ukrainian businesses will transition to cloud-based accounting platforms, while 75% of new analytical capabilities will incorporate artificial intelligence. These developments signal a future where business analytics and accounting systems are deeply intertwined, driving innovation, automation, and data-driven decision-making to secure a competitive edge.
Mathematical methods of the digitalization of HR processes in public administration
The study analyzes the dual effect of AI in public sector recruitment: it increases productivity but risks structural inequalities and algorithmic discrimination, undermining public authority. Current approaches to fairness remain fragmented, creating gaps between efficiency and societal perception. Bias emerges at all recruitment stages. Under the EU “AI Act”, such systems are classified as high-risk technologies requiring mandatory audits. To address this, a composite fairness and non-discrimination index is proposed, integrating technical, ethical, and legal metrics into a unified assessment system. This model enables the identification of vulnerabilities and supports evidence-based decisions. It is substantiated that digitalization requires a systemic methodology for ensuring fairness as a key condition for trust in government algorithms.
artificial intelligence in personnel selection
Strengthening the financial security of Ukraine's critical infrastructure enterprises under martial law
The article examines the financial security of Ukraine’s critical infrastructure enterprises under conditions of full-scale war and intensified global economic instability. The strategic role of financial security as an integral component of enterprise economic stability is substantiated. The interdependence between the level of financial security and liquidity, solvency, financial stability, and financial independence is theoretically justified. The study systematizes key groups of risks affecting financial security – military, financial and economic, and natural-technogenic – and reveals their impact on enterprises’ financial performance. A “risk → indicator → response instrument” matrix is developed to enable systematic identification of financial security threats by linking specific risk categories with measurable financial indicators and appropriate response tools. Based on the analysis of contemporary approaches, a conceptual model grounded in a risk-oriented framework is proposed, integrating financial management instruments with state support mechanisms. The model emphasizes continuous monitoring of key financial indicators, scenario analysis, and regulatory instruments to mitigate financial threats and ensure the continuity and long-term resilience of critical infrastructure enterprises during wartime and post-war recovery.
ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE STATE AND ECONOMIC ENTITIES
Organization of teamwork in the context of global challenges in the context of digital and personnel security
The article examines the peculiarities of organizing teamwork in the context of global challenges and its reflection in the organization's personnel policy. It has been established that the global challenges of 2020–2024—the COVID-19 pandemic, full-scale war in Ukraine, accelerated digitalization, hybrid forms of employment, and the rapid development of artificial intelligence—have radically transformed the requirements for teamwork organization and personnel policy in modern organizations. Digital communications, remote technologies, and cloud services have become structural elements of management activities, defining a new architecture of interaction between employees and managers. At the same time, the digital environment has increased the risks of data leaks, cyberattacks, social engineering, and information manipulation, which places increased demands on personnel security. Accordingly, this necessitates the transformation of an organization's personnel policy and its focus on implementing new approaches to the organization of personnel management processes based on digital competence and cyber hygiene skills, which is a direct response to the threats of social engineering, disinformation, and the rise of AI. The study identifies the characteristics of human resource policy that is being shaped in the context of change and global challenges affecting the stability of organizations. Analysis of EU and Ukrainian statistics has demonstrated the steady growth of remote work and digital services as prerequisites for ensuring the continuity of business processes, public administration, and social infrastructure even in conditions of extreme uncertainty. The study emphasizes that digitalization is not only a tool for increasing productivity, but also a factor in the formation of new competencies necessary for effective team interaction: digital literacy, psychological resilience, and the ability to work in virtual, project-based, hybrid, and interdisciplinary teams. Therefore, the author analyzed the peculiarities of forming personnel policy regarding the practice of using different types of teams. A comparison of different team models has shown that HR policy must evolve from traditional administrative control to flexible, people-centered, and security-oriented approaches. The importance of assessing digital competencies, self-organization skills, the ability to work in asynchronous digital environments, and the willingness to adhere to cyber hygiene protocols is growing. For managers, leadership through trust, managing the psychological resilience of the team, crisis decision-making, and ensuring information security are becoming key. The study substantiates that effective team management in the face of global challenges is only possible if digital communications and personnel security are integrated into a single management system. This approach ensures the strategic stability of the organization, improves the quality of team interaction, minimizes the risks of data leaks and reputational damage, and contributes to the formation of modern human resources capable of working in highly turbulent conditions. At the same time, digitalization and the development of teamwork are key tools for adapting socio-economic systems to the new conditions of global instability.
Intellectual and human resources component of the functional and structural decomposition of economic security
An analysis of economic security in Ukraine shows that the situation has significantly deteriorated not only at the national level, but also at the business level. Risks and threats accompany all components of the functional and structural decomposition of economic security: financial (due to the instability of the national currency), investment and innovation (due to a significant deterioration in the investment attractiveness of Ukrainian business), intellectual and human resources (due to the mass migration of the economically active population abroad, conscription and service in the defense of Ukraine by qualified, highly intellectual citizens of Ukraine), technical and technological (due to constant destruction as a result of missile and shahid strikes, mining), information (due to the aggressor's intensification of information warfare and the spread of disinformation, frequent hacker attacks), institutional and legal (due to military actions, frequent changes in the provisions of current legislation), environmental (due to environmental pollution), and physical (due to destruction). It is argued that the level of intellectual capital and the actions of a professional business or government team largely determine the level of all components of economic security. The main ideas presented in the book by Italian historian and economist Carlo M. Cipolla, The Laws of Human Stupidity, are analyzed, and it is concluded that there is an intellectual and personnel threat in the economic security system. This threat is the real or potential destructive actions of employees-individuals who disrupt the normal economic condition of a business entity and are capable of causing great harm for personal gain (thieves) or without personal gain (fools). It is believed that practical solutions to business economic security problems related to ineffective personnel policy require the development and implementation of appropriate management tools, in particular, a human resource management strategy. After all, practical solutions to economic security issues depend on the degree of mastery of strategic management methodologies and methods. The concept of Hubert K. Rampersad's “Universal Performance Measurement System” is considered, which addresses issues of business improvement based on changes in the collective and individual behavior of employees. This system is based on self-management, self-development, and self-coaching, which should be inherent not only in managers but also in ordinary employees of the enterprise. An important tool for employee self-training is the Kolb learning cycle – a process of intuitive learning or learning by doing. A new theoretical approach to management has been substantiated, focusing on the continuous training and development of enterprise employees. This will ensure long-term success, take into account the interests of stakeholders, overcome internal threats to the economic security of the business, and successfully predict and minimize the impact of external threats.
State regulation of the restaurant business in ukraine: implementation of the HACCP System (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points)
The article examines topical issues related to the implementation of the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) system in Ukraine as an important direction of state regulation in the restaurant business sector. It is established that the HACCP system has been formed as a universal international instrument for ensuring proper quality control of food products in restaurant enterprises. The experience of foreign countries demonstrates that the effectiveness of HACCP functioning is ensured not only by its technical component, but also by state support in regulatory and institutional aspects. In 1997, the National Advisory Committee on Microbiological Criteria for Foods (NACMCF) adopted the HACCP principles and application guidelines developed for use in all sectors of the food industry, namely from cultivation and harvesting to processing, production, distribution, merchandising, and food preparation for consumption. The analysis of the regulatory and legal framework in the studied area indicates the adaptation of HACCP standards in Ukraine, which requires the integration of international experience with national regulations and current legislation. In Ukraine, a system of state control and supervision over the implementation of permanent procedures based on HACCP principles has been established, which falls within the competence of the State Service of Ukraine on Food Safety and Consumer Protection. It is determined that the implementation of HACCP principles in restaurant establishments has a number of advantages and disadvantages that depend on the organizational, economic, and financial capacities of restaurant businesses, which necessitates strengthened state support, in particular through economic incentives, professional training of personnel for the restaurant industry, and other supportive measures.
Regional policy of the European Union as an institutional prerequisite for ensuring sustainable development of territories
The article reveals the essence, content and significance of the regional policy of the European Union as an institutional prerequisite for ensuring sustainable development of territories in modern conditions of global transformations. The methodological basis of the study is the institutional, systemic, comparative and content-analytical approaches, which allowed to identify the structural and functional features of the EU regional policy, which is considered as a systemic mechanism for achieving a balance between economic efficiency, social cohesion and environmental safety, which is based on the principles of solidarity, subsidiarity, complementarity, partnership and multi-level governance. The evolution of cohesion policy is highlighted - from leveling regional disparities and supporting problem areas to modern priorities of digital, innovative and green transformation. The key issue, in the authors' opinion, was and remains the issue of finding the optimal balance between ensuring the competitiveness of the EU economy and its members and the need to equalize the level of development of regions. The institutional architecture and key financing instruments are described: the European Regional Development Fund, the Cohesion Fund, the European Social Fund+, the Just Transition Fund and the temporary NextGenerationEU instrument aimed at post-crisis recovery, modernisation of economies and achieving climate neutrality. It is noted that modern regional policy contributes to the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals, supports innovation, human potential development, ensures inclusiveness and competitiveness of regions. The practical experience of Member States, in particular Poland, Spain, Italy, in using EU funds for regional development is summarized. The importance of adapting European mechanisms for Ukraine in the context of decentralisation, post-war recovery and integration into the European space is underlined. The need to form a national model of regional policy focused on sustainable development, social justice, environmental balance and effective management based on the principles of good governance is substantiated.